CSS 3D Transforms

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CSS 3D Transforms

CSS also supports 3D transformations.

Mouse over the elements below to see the difference between a 2D and a 3D transformation:

2D rotate

3D rotate

In this chapter you will learn about the following CSS property:

• transform

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Browser Support

The numbers in the table specify the first browser version that fully supports the property.

Property
transform	36.0	10.0	16.0	9.0	23.0

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Browser Specific Prefixes

Some older browsers need specific prefixes (-webkit-) to understand the 3D transform properties:

Example

#myDiv {
  -webkit-transform: rotateY(130deg); /* Safari prior 9.0 */
  transform: rotateY(130deg); /* Standard syntax */}

Try it Yourself »

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CSS 3D Transforms Methods

With the CSS transform property you can use the following 3D transformation methods:

• rotateX()
• rotateY()
• rotateZ()

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The rotateX() Method

The rotateX() method rotates an element around its X-axis at a given degree:

Example

#myDiv {
  transform: rotateX(150deg);}

Try it Yourself »

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The rotateY() Method

The rotateY() method rotates an element around its Y-axis at a given degree:

Example

#myDiv {
  transform: rotateY(130deg);}

Try it Yourself »

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The rotateZ() Method

The rotateZ() method rotates an element around its Z-axis at a given degree:

Example

#myDiv {
  transform: rotateZ(90deg);}

Try it Yourself »

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Test Yourself with Exercises!

Exercise 1 »Exercise 2 »Exercise 3 »

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CSS Transform Properties

The following table lists all the 3D transform properties:

Property	Description
transform	Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element
transform-origin	Allows you to change the position on transformed elements
transform-style	Specifies how nested elements are rendered in 3D space
perspective	Specifies the perspective on how 3D elements are viewed
perspective-origin	Specifies the bottom position of 3D elements
backface-visibility	Defines whether or not an element should be visible when not facing the screen

CSS 3D Transform Methods

Function	Description
matrix3d (n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n)	Defines a 3D transformation, using a 4x4 matrix of 16 values
translate3d(x,y,z)	Defines a 3D translation
translateX(x)	Defines a 3D translation, using only the value for the X-axis
translateY(y)	Defines a 3D translation, using only the value for the Y-axis
translateZ(z)	Defines a 3D translation, using only the value for the Z-axis
scale3d(x,y,z)	Defines a 3D scale transformation
scaleX(x)	Defines a 3D scale transformation by giving a value for the X-axis
scaleY(y)	Defines a 3D scale transformation by giving a value for the Y-axis
scaleZ(z)	Defines a 3D scale transformation by giving a value for the Z-axis
rotate3d(x,y,z,angle)	Defines a 3D rotation
rotateX(angle)	Defines a 3D rotation along the X-axis
rotateY(angle)	Defines a 3D rotation along the Y-axis
rotateZ(angle)	Defines a 3D rotation along the Z-axis
perspective(n)	Defines a perspective view for a 3D transformed element